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Shamshi-Adad I
Shamshi-Adad I, (Akkadian) or Shamshi-Addu (Amorite) (c. 1809 – 1776 BCE) was an Amorite ancient Near East king of Assyria and other regions in Upper Mesopotamia. He rose to prominence when he carved out an empire encompassing much of Mesopotamia, Syria and Asia Minor often referred to as the Kingdom of Upper Mesopotamia. During his reign, the Kingdom of Upper Mesopotamia competed for power with Yahdun-Lim of Mari as well as the kingdom of Eshnunna in lower Mesopotamia. After his death, the empire was soon defeated by Hammurabi of Babylon, coming briefly under the control of the First Babylonian Dynasty throughout this period. He was incorporated into the traditional king lists of Assyria and earlier archaeologists assumed he was indeed Assyrian.
==Rise to power==
His father Ila-kabkabu ruled in Terqa, a city on the borders of Mari in northern Syria. He was an Amorite king. Around 1833 Shamshi-Adad I inherited the throne in Terqa. After ten years of rule he was forced to flee to Babylon while Naram-Sin of Eshnunna attacked Ekallatum. Shamshi-Adad spent seven years in exile until Naram-Sim died. In 1808 he re-emerged as king and also conquered Assur.
He took over the long abandoned Akkadian Empire era town of Shekhna in north eastern Syria,〔Leilan.yale.edu, Harvey Weiss et al., The genesis and collapse of Third Millennium north Mesopotamian Civilization, Science, vol. 291, pp. 995-1088, 1993〕 building it into his capital and renaming the city Shubat-Enlil. The modern name of the site is Tell Leilan.
He placed his sons in key geographical locations and gave them responsibility to look over those areas. While he remained in Shubat-Enlil, his eldest son son, Ishme-Dagan I was put on the throne of Ekallatum. The younger son Yasmah-Adad was in charge of Mari following conquest there. Shamshi-Adad I attempted to legitimize his position on the Assyrian throne by claiming descent from Ushpia, a 21st-century BC Assyrian ruler. at ang suso ni solenn heussaff
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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